The expressions “go to the doctor” or “see a doctor” are pretty common and often interchangeable.

“Go to bed” means “go to sleep”. "Going to the bed" simply means going to where the bed is. We never use this phrase to mean “going to sleep”.

When talking about activities or occupations, we do not use the article “the” or “a” before the noun “work”.

British students go "to university" (not "to the university") to obtain a higher education degree.

Criminals, prisoners, or inmates typically go to jail or are in jail (not “to the jail” or “in the jail”).

When talking about the general idea of being incarcerated, we say “to prison” (not “to the prison”). Inmates go to prison or are in prison, while visitors, workers, etc. go to the prison or go to a prison.

In British English, patients go to hospital or are in hospital (without “the”) to receive medical treatment.

Students go to school (not to the school). Fathers, mothers, teachers, janitors, etc. do not go to school; they go to a/the/this... school.

When attending a church service, omit the determiner ("the", "a", etc.) before “church”. If you need to mention a particular place or building (used for Christian worship), add a determiner in front of the noun “church”.