Use a comma after "in particular" or "particularly" at the beginning of a sentence to modify (describe) a clause or a sentence. When modifying a single word, do not use a comma to separate "in particular" or "particularly" from the word it describes.

Add a comma after "in other words" to introduce a new sentence that repeats what has been said in a different way. "In other words" should be surrounded by commas in the middle of a sentence.

We use a comma after "finally", "eventually", or "in conclusion" at the beginning of a sentence to signal that these conjunctive adverbs modify the sentence that follows.

Add a comma after "similarly" or "likewise" at the start of a sentence. Do not use commas, however, when using "similarly" or "likewise" to modify a single word (adjective, verb, or adverb) in the middle of a sentence.

At the beginning of a sentence, transition words such as "moreover", "furthermore", "in addition", or "besides" should be preceded by a period or a semicolon and followed by a comma.

Add a comma after the conjunctive adverbs "therefore", "consequently", "as a result", "thus", etc. at the start of a sentence to indicate that it modifies not only a word but a complete sentence or clause.

At the start of a sentence or an independent clause, "indeed", "in fact", or "as a matter of fact" should be preceded by a semicolon or a period as well as followed by a comma.

In general, add commas to set off words and expressions that interrupt the sentence flow (however, on the other hand, by the way, etc.)

At the start of a sentence, add a comma after the phrase "on the contrary" or to the contrary. In mid-sentence, use a comma before and after "on the contrary" to state that a previous idea is incorrect.